Isesengura ryimpamvu zitera gypsum dehdrasi
1 Kugaburira amavuta yo guteka no gutwikwa neza
Amashanyarazi akomoka ku makara akenera gukoresha amavuta menshi ya lisansi kugirango afashe gutwikwa mugihe cyo gutangira, guhagarika, gutwika imizigo mike hamwe no kugenzura impanuka ndende kubera gushushanya no gutwika amakara. Bitewe n'imikorere idahwitse hamwe no gutwika bidahagije, umubare munini wamavuta adatwitswe cyangwa imvange yifu yamavuta bizinjira mumashanyarazi hamwe na gaze ya flue. Munsi yimivurungano ikomeye mumashanyarazi, biroroshye cyane gukora ifuro nziza no kwegeranya hejuru yigituba. Ubu ni isesengura ryibihimbano byifuro hejuru yumuriro wa shitingi.
Mugihe amavuta arimo gukusanyiriza hejuru yubushuhe, igice cyacyo kigahita gikwirakwira mumashanyarazi munsi yimikoranire yo gukurura no gutera, hanyuma hakozwe firime yoroheje yamavuta hejuru yubutare, calcium sulfite nizindi ngingo ziri muri slurry, zizingira kumasemburo ya limestone hamwe na okiside ya calcium ya sulfide. Amavuta arimo umunara winjiza yinjira muri sisitemu ya gypsum dehydration binyuze muri pompe isohora gypsum. Bitewe no kuba hari amavuta hamwe na aside irike ya okiside ituzuye, biroroshye gutera icyuho cyumukandara wa vacuum umukungugu icyuho cyahagaritswe, ibyo bikaba bitera ingorane zo kubura amazi ya gypsumu.
2.Kwibanda kumyotsi kuri Inlet
Umunara wa desulfurizasi wamazi ufite ingaruka zimwe zo gukuraho ivumbi, kandi uburyo bwo gukuraho ivumbi burashobora kugera kuri 70%. Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwagenewe kugira umukungugu wa 20mg / m3 ahacururizwa umukungugu (desulfurisation). Mu rwego rwo kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi y’ibihingwa, ubwinshi bw’umukungugu ku isoko yo gukusanya ivumbi bugenzurwa nka 30mg / m3. Umukungugu ukabije winjira mu munara winjira kandi ukurwaho ningaruka zo gukuramo ivumbi rya sisitemu ya sisitemu. Ibyinshi mu ivumbi ryinjira mu munara winjira nyuma yo kweza umukungugu wa electrostatike uri munsi ya 10 mm, cyangwa no munsi ya 2,5 mm, bikaba bito cyane ugereranije nubunini bwa gypsum slurry. Umukungugu umaze kwinjira mumashanyarazi ya vacuum hamwe na gypsum slurry, irahagarika kandi umwenda wo kuyungurura, bikaviramo umwuka mubi wimyambaro yo kuyungurura kandi bikagorana kubura umwuma.

2. Ingaruka yubwiza bwa gypsum
Ubucucike bwihuse
Ingano yubucucike bwerekana ubucucike bwumunara. Niba ubucucike ari buto cyane, bivuze ko ibirimo CaSO4 biri mubitaka biri hasi kandi ibirimo CaCO3 ni byinshi, bitera mu buryo butaziguye imyanda ya CaCO3. Muri icyo gihe, kubera uduce duto twa CaCO3, biroroshye gutera ingorane zo kubura amazi; niba ubucucike bwa slurry ari bunini cyane, bivuze ko ibirimo CaSO4 mubitereko biri hejuru. Hejuru ya CaSO4 izabuza iseswa rya CaCO3 kandi ibuze kwinjiza SO2. CaCO3 yinjira muri sisitemu ya vacuum dehydration hamwe na gypsum slurry kandi ikagira ingaruka no kubura umwuma wa gypsumu. Kugirango utange umukino wuzuye kubyiza bya minara-ibiri ya sisitemu yo kuzenguruka kabiri ya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza gaze ya flue, agaciro ka pH k'umunara wo mu cyiciro cya mbere kigomba kugenzurwa mu ntera ya 5.0 ± 0.2, kandi ubucucike bwa slurry bugomba kugenzurwa mu ntera ya 1100 ± 20kg / m3. Mubikorwa nyabyo, ubucucike bwuburiganya bwumunara wicyiciro cya mbere cyuruganda ni 1200kg / m3, ndetse bugera kuri 1300kg / m3 mugihe kinini, burigihe bugenzurwa kurwego rwo hejuru.
2. Impamyabumenyi ya okiside ku gahato
Guhatira okiside ku gahato ni ukuzana umwuka uhagije muri slurry kugirango okiside ya calcium sulfite kuri calcium sulfate reaction ikunda kuba yuzuye, kandi igipimo cya okiside kiri hejuru ya 95%, byemeza ko hari ubwoko bwa gypsumu buhagije kugirango bukure neza. Niba okiside idahagije, kristu ivanze ya calcium sulfite na calcium sulfate izabyara, bitera ubunini. Urwego rwa okiside ku gahato rushingiye ku bintu nk'ubwinshi bw'umwuka wa okiside, igihe cyo gutura, hamwe n'ingaruka zikurura ibishishwa. Umwuka udahagije wa okiside, igihe gito cyo gutura cyo gutembera, gukwirakwiza kutanyeganyega, hamwe ningaruka mbi yo gukurura byose bizatera ibintu bya CaSO3 · 1 / 2H2O muminara kuba ndende cyane. Birashobora kugaragara ko kubera okiside idahagije yaho, ibinyabuzima bya CaSO3 · 1 / 2H2O biri muri slurry biri hejuru cyane, bikaviramo ingorane zo kubura amazi ya gypsumu hamwe n’amazi menshi.
3. Iyi myanda ikora ion yanduye muburyo bworoshye, bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya gypsumu. Ibyuma biremereye bikomeza gushonga mu mwotsi bizabuza reaction ya Ca2 + na HSO3-. Mugihe ibikubiye muri F- na Al3 + mubitaka ari byinshi, uruganda rwa fluor-aluminium AlFn ruzabyara, rutwikire hejuru yubutaka bwa hekeste, rutera uburozi bwihuse, kugabanya imikorere ya desulfurizasiya, hamwe nuduce duto twa hekimone twavanze na kristu ya gypsumu ituzuye, bigatuma bigora umwuma wa gypsumu. Cl- mubitotsi ahanini biva muri HCl muri gaz ya flue no gutunganya amazi. Ibirimo mumazi atunganijwe ni bito, kubwibyo Cl- mubitotsi biva muri gaz ya flue. Iyo hari umubare munini wa Cl- muburyo bworoshye, Cl- izapfundikirwa na kristu hanyuma igahuzwa numubare runaka wa Ca2 + muburyo bworoshye kugirango habeho CaCl2 ihamye, hasigara amazi runaka muri kristu. Muri icyo gihe, umubare munini wa CaCl2 muri slurry uzaguma hagati ya kristu ya gypsumu, uhagarike umuyoboro w’amazi yubusa hagati ya kristu, bigatuma amazi ya gypsumu yiyongera.
3. Ingaruka yimikorere yibikoresho
1. Iyo imigezi yo hepfo yibanda cyane kubintu bigera kuri 50%, itembera mumashanyarazi ya vacuum kugirango ibuze umwuma. Impamvu nyamukuru zigira ingaruka zo gutandukana kwa gypsum cyclone nigitutu cyumuyaga winjiza nubunini bwumucanga utuza nozzle. Niba umuvuduko wa cyclone winjira ari muke cyane, ingaruka zikomeye zo gutandukanya amazi azaba mabi, gutembera kwimbere bizaba bifite ibintu bike bikomeye, bizagira ingaruka kumyuka ya gypsumu no kongera amazi; niba umuvuduko wa cyclone winjira ari mwinshi, ingaruka zo gutandukana zizaba nziza, ariko bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya serwakira kandi bitera kwambara cyane kubikoresho. Niba ingano yumucanga utuza nozzle ari nini cyane, bizanatera umuvuduko wo hasi gutembera kugira ibintu bike hamwe nuduce duto duto, ibyo bizagira ingaruka kumyunyu ngugu ya convoyeur ya vacuum.
Icyuho kinini cyane cyangwa gito cyane bizagira ingaruka kuri gypsum dehydration. Niba icyuho ari gito cyane, ubushobozi bwo gukuramo ubuhehere muri gypsumu buzagabanuka, kandi ingaruka ya gypsum dehydrasiyo izaba mbi; niba icyuho ari kinini cyane, icyuho kiri mu mwenda wo kuyungurura kirashobora guhagarikwa cyangwa umukandara ushobora gutandukana, ibyo nabyo bikazana ingaruka mbi ya gypsumu. Mubihe bimwe byakazi, nuburyo bwiza bwo guhumeka umwuka wigitambaro, niko ingaruka nziza ya gypsum; niba umwuka wimyuka yumwenda wo kuyungurura ari muke kandi umuyoboro wo kuyungurura urahagaritswe, ingaruka ya gypsum dehydrasiyo izaba mbi. Ububiko bwa filteri ya cake nayo igira ingaruka zikomeye kuri gypsum dehydrasi. Iyo umuvuduko wa convoyeur ugabanutse, ubunini bwa cake ya filteri bwiyongera, kandi pompe ya vacuum ubushobozi bwo gukuramo igice cyo hejuru cya cake ya filteri iracika intege, bigatuma ubwiyongere bwa gypsumu bwiyongera; iyo umuvuduko wa convoyeur wiyongereye, ubunini bwa kayunguruzo ya cake iragabanuka, bikaba byoroshye gutera akayunguruzo kayunguruzo kavukire, kwangiza icyuho, ndetse bikanatera kwiyongera mubushuhe bwa gypsumu.
2. Imikorere idasanzwe ya sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi mabi cyangwa ingano ntoya yo gutunganya amazi mabi bizagira ingaruka kumasohoro asanzwe y’amazi yanduye. Mubikorwa byigihe kirekire, umwanda nkumwotsi numukungugu bizakomeza kwinjira mubitotsi, kandi ibyuma biremereye, Cl-, F-, Al-, nibindi mubitotsi bizakomeza gukungahaza, bikaviramo guhora kwangirika kwubwiza bwibihuru, bikagira ingaruka kumyumvire isanzwe ya reaction ya desulfurizasi, gukora gypsumu no kubura umwuma. Dufashe Cl- mu gihirahiro nk'urugero, Ibirimo biri mu gihirahiro cy'urwego rwa mbere rwo kwinjiza umunara w'amashanyarazi ni hejuru ya 22000mg / L, naho Cl- iri muri gypsumu igera kuri 0.37%. Iyo Cl- ibirimo muri slurry bigera kuri 4300mg / L, ingaruka zo kubura amazi ya gypsumu ni nziza. Mugihe ibirungo bya chloride byiyongera, ingaruka zo kubura amazi ya gypsumu zigenda zangirika buhoro buhoro.
Ingamba zo kugenzura
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3. Gukurikirana-igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ubucucike (metero yubucucike), okiside yumwuka mwinshi, umunara winjiza urwego rwamazi (urwego rwa radar), igikoresho gikurura ibikoresho, nibindi kugirango tumenye neza ko reaction ya desulfurizasi ikorwa mubihe bisanzwe.
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5. Menya neza imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi y’amazi, guhora usohora amazi y’amazi yanduye, kandi ugabanye umwanda uri mu minara yinjira.
Umwanzuro
Ingorabahizi ya gypsum ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara mubikoresho bitose. Hariho ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka, bisaba isesengura ryuzuye no guhindurwa mubice byinshi nkibitangazamakuru byo hanze, imiterere yimikorere nuburyo ibikoresho bikora. Gusa mugusobanukirwa byimazeyo uburyo bwa reaction ya desulfurizasi nibikorwa biranga ibikoresho no kugenzura mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ibikorwa nyamukuru bya sisitemu birashobora kwemezwa ingaruka zo kubura umwuma wa gypsumu ya desulfurize.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-06-2025