Igipimo cya gazi isanzwe

Abashoramari bahura n’ibibazo bitoroshye mu kugenzura inzira, kunoza imikorere no gucunga ibiciro nta nyandiko zuzuye zerekana umuvuduko wa gazi, cyane cyane mu nganda zikoreshwa na gaze kandi zitunganyirizwa mu bunini mu bihe bitandukanye. Kubera ko gupima neza gaze gasanzwe ari ingenzi mu kuzamura imikorere, umutekano w’ibikorwa ndetse no kubahiriza amabwiriza, guhitamo metero iboneye ya gaze gasanzwe byahindutse icyemezo cy’ingamba, gitanga ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro, kubahiriza ibidukikije no gukoresha neza ibiciro.

Kuki gupima gazi ya gaz ari ngombwa mu nganda?

Usibye impamvu zavuzwe haruguru, gupima neza gutembera kwa gazi gusiga ibikorwa byose bigenzurwa, kugirango ibishobora gutemba no gukoresha cyane bishobora kugaragara byoroshye. Kwerekana raporo irambuye ikubiyemo imikoreshereze ya gaze n’ibisohoka mu nganda nyinshi, aho ibipimo nyabyo bifasha no kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekeranye n’ibidukikije n’umutekano.

Byongeye kandi, ihindagurika ry’imyuka ya gazi ryerekana guhagarika, kumeneka cyangwa kubungabunga bidasanzwe bigomba gukorwa kugirango bikureho ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Noneho fata ingamba zo gukemura ibyo bibazo nibiba ngombwa.

Ibipimo byingenzi bya metero zitemba

Ibintu byinshi bigomba gusuzumwa mbere yo guhitamo metero ikwiye ya gazi, harimo ariko ntibigarukira gusa:

Ubwoko bwa gaze

Fata amakuru

Ibidukikije

EnvironmentIbidukikije

✤kanda & ubushyuhe

Intego ziteganijwe

Gushiraho & kubungabunga

Usibye ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, ibisabwa byukuri bikwiye kwitabwaho kubintu bitandukanye byemewe byamakosa. Kwihanganira amakosa make birasabwa mu nganda zidasanzwe nka reaction yimiti n’umusaruro wa farumasi. Umuvuduko nubushyuhe ni imipaka muguhitamo metero iburyo, nayo. Ibipimo bigomba kwihanganira ibihe bikabije nta gutesha agaciro ibikorwa byumuvuduko mwinshi. Bisobanura ko gukomeza kwizerwa kwa metero zitemba mubihe nkibi nibyingenzi mubikorwa bya sisitemu ndende.

Inzitizi mu gupima gazi

Gazi isanzwe, nkisoko yingufu zisukuye, irakoreshwa cyane, hamwe nuburinganire bwayo mumiterere yingufu ziyongera buri mwaka. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’umushinga wa gazi y’iburengerazuba-Uburasirazuba mu Bushinwa, ubwiyongere bwa gaze karemano buragenda bwiyongera, bituma gupima gazi karemano ari intambwe yingenzi.

Kugeza ubu, gupima gazi karemano ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubucuruzi, kandi gupima mubushinwa ahanini bishingiye kubipimo bya volumetric. Gazi isanzwe itangwa muburyo bubiri muri rusange: umuyoboro wa gazi karemano (PNG) na gaze gasanzwe (CNG).

Metero zimwe zakozwe mubisabwa byihariye, nkibikabijeijwi rito kandi ryinshi. Imetero yatemba yakira ibipimo bisanzwe kandi byimpanuka byemeza ko bihora bisomwa neza. Ingano ntoya cyangwa nini ni ikindi kintu gikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe kubijyanye na buri kintu kigize metero yatemba.

Ihame ry'akazi

Imetero isanzwe ya gazi ikora ikoresheje gupima ingano ya gaze yoherejwe binyuze mumuyoboro. Muri rusange, umuvuduko utemba nigikorwa cyumuvuduko wa gaze hamwe nu gice cyambukiranya umuyoboro. Ibiharuro bikorana na algorithms ihanitse, aho imbaraga za gaze karemano zitandukanye nubushyuhe, umuvuduko hamwe nibigize amazi.

Ikoreshwa rya metero zitemba

Ibyiza nibibi byubwoko bwa metero zitemba

Mubyukuri, nta tekinoroji cyangwa metero imwe ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byose byumwuga. Uburyo bune busanzwe bwo gupima gazi ikoreshwa mugutunganya inganda muri iki gihe, hagaragaramo imbaraga nimbibi. Birashoboka gukumira amakosa ahenze nyuma yo gusobanukirwa ibyiza byabo nibibi.

No.1 Ibipimo bya Electromagnetic Flow Meters

Imetero ya electromagnetiki ikora ikora ku ihame ry'amategeko ya Faraday yo kwinjiza. Igikoresho cya electromagnetic coil muri metero ya magi itanga umurima wa magneti hanyuma electrode ikabasha kumenya voltage. Umwanya wa electromagnetic uhinduka hamwe nimbaraga nkizo iyo amazi anyuze mumiyoboro. Mugusoza, impinduka nkizo zizahindurwa ku gipimo cyo gutemba.

Ibyiza	Ibibi
Ntibibangamiye ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubucucike, ibishishwa, nibindi.	Ntugakore mugihe amazi adafite amashanyarazi;
Bikoreshwa mumazi afite umwanda (uduce & bubbles)	Umuyoboro mugufi urakenewe;
Nta gutakaza igitutu;
Nta bice byimuka;

No.2 Imetero ya Vortex

Imetero ya vortex ikora ikora ku ihame rya von Kármán. Vortices izabyara mu buryo bwikora nkuko itemba inyura kumubiri, ufite ibikoresho bigari byimbere. Umuvuduko w umuvuduko ugereranije ninshuro zumuyaga.

Ibyiza	Ibibi
Imiterere yoroshye idafite ibice byimuka;	Witondere kubangamirwa no kunyeganyega hanze;
Ntabwo byatewe nubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubucucike, nibindi;	Umuvuduko ukabije wamazi ugabanya ibipimo byo gupima;
Bitandukanye mu gupima amazi, imyuka n'umwuka;	Gupima ibikoresho bisukuye gusa;
Tera igihombo gito.	Ntabwo bisabwa kugabanya ibipimo bya Reynolds;
	Ntabwo bikurikizwa kumatembabuzi.

No.3 Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe

Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yubushyuhe bubiri burashobora kubarwa nyuma yo gushyushya imigezi. Ibyuma bibiri byubushyuhe bifite ibikoresho kumpande zombi zishyushya mugice kimwe cyumuyoboro; Gazi izashyuha nkuko inyura mubintu bishyushya.

Ibyiza	Ibibi
Nta bice byimuka;	Ntabwo bisabwa gupima amazi atemba;
Igikorwa cyizewe;	Ntibishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe burenze 50 ℃;
Ukuri kwinshi;
Birakenewe gupima urujya n'uruza.
Itsinda ryamakosa make;

No.4Ibipimo bya Coriolis

Kunyeganyega kw'igituba bihinduka hamwe nigipimo cyikigereranyo. Ihinduka nkiryo ryo kunyeganyezwa rifatwa na sensor hejuru yigituba hanyuma bigahinduka umuvuduko.

Ibyiza	Ibibi
Ibipimo bitembera neza;	Nta bice byimuka;
Ntibibangamiwe nigitutu, ubushyuhe nubukonje;	Kunyeganyega bigabanya ubunyangamugayo kurwego runaka;
Ntabwo ibice byinjira nibisohoka bisabwa.	Birahenze

Guhitamo metero ya gazi ikwiye bikubiyemo kuringaniza ukuri, kuramba, nigiciro kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byihariye. Guhitamo neza neza ntabwo byongera imikorere gusa ahubwo binashyigikira kubahiriza amategeko n'umutekano. Mugusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwa metero nuburyo bukwiranye nuburyo butandukanye, inganda zirashobora kugera kumikorere myiza, kugabanya ibiciro, no kwemeza kwizerwa rya sisitemu zabo. Guhitamo neza amaherezo biganisha kubikorwa bikomeye, birushijeho gukomera bishobora guhura nibisabwa hamwe nibibazo bizaza.